Introduction
Case law, also known as judicial precedent, is one of the most significant sources of law in many legal systems. It refers to past legal decisions made by courts, which serve as guidance for future cases with similar facts.
How Precedent Works
When judges decide cases, they often rely on earlier rulings. This principle, known as stare decisis, ensures consistency, stability, and fairness in the law. For instance, if a higher court has ruled on an issue, lower courts are generally bound to follow that decision.
Why It Matters
- Provides predictability for individuals and businesses.
- Prevents arbitrary decisions.
- Encourages judges to provide well-reasoned judgments.
Conclusion
Case law plays a vital role in shaping legal systems by ensuring fairness and consistency. Without precedent, legal outcomes would be unpredictable, weakening trust in the justice system.
